Unboxing the black box of visual expertise in medicine
Main Article Content
Abstract
Visual expertise in medicine has been a subject of research since many decades. Interestingly, it has been investigated from two little related fields, namely the field that focused mainly on the visual search aspects whilst ignoring higher-level cognitive processes involved in medical expertise, and the field that mainly focused on these higher-level cognitive processes largely ignoring the relevant visual aspects. Consequently, both research lines have traditionally used different methodologies. Recently, this gap is being increasingly closed and this special issue presents methods to investigate visual expertise in medicine from both research lines, namely those investigating vision (eye tracking, pupillometry, flash preview moving window paradigm), verbalisations, brain activity, and performance measures (ROC analysis, gesture coding, expert performance approach). We discuss the benefits and drawbacks of each method and suggest directions for future research that could help to unbox the black box of visual expertise in medicine.
Article Details
How to Cite
Jarodzka, H., & Boshuizen, H. P. (2017). Unboxing the black box of visual expertise in medicine. Frontline Learning Research, 5(3), 167–183. https://doi.org/10.14786/flr.v5i3.332
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Helle, L. (2017). Prospects and pitfalls in combining eye-tracking data and verbal reports. Frontline Learning Research, 5(3), 81 - 93. doi: 10.14786/flr.v5i3.254
Hess, E. H., & Polt, J. M. (1960). Pupil size as related to interest value of visual stimuli. Science, 132(3423), 349-350. doi: 10.1126/science.132.3423.349
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Hruska, P., Hecker, K. G., Coderre, S., McLaughlin, K., Cortese, F., Doig, C., . . . Krigolson, O. (2016). Hemispheric activation differences in novice and expert clinicians during clinical decision making. Advances in Health Science Education, 21(5), 921–933. doi: 10.1007/s10459-017-9787-9
Huettel, S., Song, A., & McCarthy, G. (2008). Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging. Sunderland, MA: Sinauer Associates.
Ivarsson, J. (2017). Visual expertise as embodied practice. Frontline Learning Research, 5(3), 123 - 138. doi: 10.14786/flr.v5i3.253
Jaarsma, T., Boshuizen, H. P. A., Jarodzka, H., Nap, M., Verboon, P., & Van Merriënboer, J. J. G. (2016). Tracks to a medical diagnosis: expertise differences in visual problem solving. Applied Cognitive Psychology, 30(3), 314-322. doi: 10.1002/acp.3201
Jaarsma, T., Jarodzka, H., Nap, M., Van Merriënboer, J. J. G., & Boshuizen, H. P. A. (2015). Expertise in clinical pathology: bridging the gap. Advances in Health Sciences Education, 20(4), 1089-1106. doi: 10.1007/s10459-015-9589-x
Jaarsma, T., Jarodzka, H., Nap, M., Van Merriёnboer, J. J. G., & Boshuizen, H. P. A. (2014). Expertise differences under the microscope: processing histopathological slides. Medical Education, 48(3), 292-300. doi: 10.1111/medu.12385
Jarodzka, H., Balslev, T., Holmqvist, K., Nyström, M., Scheiter, K., Gerjets, P., & Eika, B. (2012). Conveying clinical reasoning based on visual observation via eye-movement modelling examples. Instructional Science, 40(5), 813-827. doi: 10.1007/s11251-012-9218-5
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Johansson, R., & Johansson, M. (2014). Look here: Eye movements play a funtional role in memory retrieval. Psychological Science, 25, 236-242.
Kicken, W., Brand-Gruwel, S., Van Merriënboer, J. J. G., & Slot, W. (2009). The effects of portfolio-based advice on the development of self-directed learning skills in secondary vocational education. Educational Technology, Research and Development, 57, 439-460. doi: 10.1007/s11423-009-9111-3
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Kok, E. M., & Jarodzka, H. (2016). Before your very eyes: The value and limitations of eye tracking in medical education. Medical Education. doi: 10.1111/medu.13066
Kok, E. M., & Jarodzka, H. (2017). Beyond your very eyes: eye movements are necessary, not sufficient. Medical Education. doi: 10.1111/medu.13384
Krupinski, E. (2017). Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) analysis. Frontline Learning Research, 5(3), 31 - 42. doi: 10.14786/flr.v5i3.250
Kundel, H. L., & Nodine, C. (1975). Interpreting chest radiographs without visual search. Radiology, 116, 527-532.
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